![]() Most of the time, there is one "common" valve separating the hearts upper and lower chambers (1) instead of two separate valves. ![]() In children with AVSD, the tricuspid and mitral valves do not develop normally which then affects the growth of the atrial and ventricular septum. In the normal heart, the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is called the tricuspid valve and the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle is called the mitral valve. The wall between the upper chambers is called the atrial septum and the wall between the lower chambers is called the ventricular septum. The heart's upper chambers are called the atria and the lower chambers are called the ventricles. However, it is quite common in children with Down syndrome and occurs in about 25% of these children. Overall it is quite rare and accounts for 4% of heart defects diagnosed in children. The cause of atrioventricular septal defect is not known. A similar but less serious form of atrioventricular septal defect is called primum atrial septal defect or incomplete or partial atrioventricular septal defect. Other terms used to describe this problem include endocardial cushion defect and AV canal defect. What is an atrioventricular septal or AV canal defect?Ītrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), or AV canal, is a heart defect that involves the valves between the heart's upper and lower chambers and the walls between the chambers.
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